CLIN MIC: Question 2

What is condition is associated with EOSINOPHILS in Urine Sediments?

ANS:  Interstitial Nephritis

NOTES:

 Eosinophils are white blood cells that normally do not appear in urine. The presence of eosinophils in the urine is seen in acute interstitial nephritis, which is caused by an allergic reaction, typically to drugs. Hansel stain is used.

SOURCE:mayocliniclabs.com

CLIN CHEM: Question 3

What is 5-HIAA?

Also Known As

HIAA

Serotonin Metabolite

Formal Name

5-hydroxyindoleacetic Acid

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is the primary metabolite of serotonin, a chemical substance (neurotransmitter) that transmits messages between nerve cells, constrict blood vessels, participates in the wake-sleep cycle, and affects mood. After it is used by the body, serotonin is broken down in the liver, and its metabolites, including 5-HIAA, are excreted in the urine.

Ordinarily, only small varying amounts of 5-HIAA are present in the urine. Large quantities of serotonin and 5-HIAA may be produced, however, by some carcinoid tumors.  Carcinoid tumors are slow-growing noncancerous or cancerous neuroendocrine masses that can form in the GI tract, especially in the appendix, and in the lungs.

source: labtestsonline.org

MICROBIOLOGY: Question 8

How to differentiate P. aeruginosa vs P. putida ?

Answers:  Growth at 42 C

Notes: Growth at 42 degrees C is advocated to differentiate species of the fluorescent pseudomonas group as well as to differentiate other nonfermentative bacteria.  Pseudomonas aeruginosa grew abundantly after overnight incubation, whereas 16 of 74 isolates of P. putida (22%) showed slight turbidity in the broth after 24 or 48 h which could not be regarded as an inoculum effect.

SOURCE: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

MICROBIOLOGY: Question 7

What is the specifications for Autoclave sterilization?

Answers:  121C(250 F) , 15 psi, 15 mins